martes, 26 de julio de 2016

TERTULIA



Christa Zaat

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (Ива́н Ива́нович Ши́шкин) (Russian landscape painter) 1832 - 1898
Konstantin Apollonovich Savitsky (Константи́н Аполло́нович Сави́цкий) (Russian painter) 1844 -1905
Утро в сосновом лесу (Morning in a Pine Wood), 1872
oil on canvas
139 x 213 cm.
Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia

Savitsky painted the bears on Shishkin's landscape Morning in the Pine Wood.

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" Pine Forest " (1872 ) is a "portrait" of a thorough study of Kama forest, where the artist grew up . Portrait of a deeply truthful as in the general formula , and in the small particulars, solemn portrait by its structure , which requires a certain viewing distance and at the same time openly personal to the object . In characterizing the works Shishkin revealed their inextricable artistic integrity in them one quality does not exist without the other. Thus, his paintings do not look any dissonance flitting butterflies against the backdrop of the mighty ship timber or bears, who stares longingly at the tree with a beehive in a pine forest or wild flowers, sea Pestryaev golden rye and written to with reverent attention. This is a single living world of nature in all possible images for the fullness of his incarnations. Shishkin sought to identify , capture sustainable value landscape. He created images in which nature expressed itself in almost absolute degree . The majestic structure of his works that is derived primarily from the object itself , is largely based on a constant correlation of small and large , the ephemeral and the eternal.

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Shishkin was born in Yelabuga of Vyatka Governorate (today Republic of Tatarstan), and graduated from the Kazan gymnasium. Then he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture for four years. After that, he attended the Saint Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts from 1856 to 1860, and graduated with the highest honours and a gold medal. He received the imperial scholarship for his further studies in Europe. Five years later Shishkin became a member of the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg and was professor of painting from 1873 to 1898. At the same time, Shishkin headed the landscape painting class at the Highest Art School in St. Petersburg.
For some time, Shishkin lived and worked in Switzerland and Germany on scholarship from the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts. On his return to Saint Petersburg, he became a member of the Circle of the Itinerants and of the Society of Russian Watercolorists. He also took part in exhibitions at the Academy of Arts, the All Russian Exhibition in Moscow (1882), the Nizhniy Novgorod (1896), and the World Fairs (Paris, 1867 and 1878, and Vienna, 1873). Shishkin's painting method was based on analytical studies of nature. He became famous for his forest landscapes, and was also an outstanding draftsman and a printmaker.
Ivan Shishkin owned a dacha in Vyra, south of St. Petersburg. There he painted some of his finest landscapes. His works are notable for poetic depiction of seasons in the woods, wild nature, animals and birds. He died in 1898, in St. Petersburg, Russia, while working on his new painting.
A minor planet 3558 Shishkin, discovered by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova in 1978 is named after him.



Christa Zaat

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (Ива́н Ива́нович Ши́шкин) (Russian landscape painter) 1832 - 1898
Сосновый лес (Pine Wood), 1872
oil on canvas
117 x 165 cm.
Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia

For Shishkin, just as for his contemporaries, Russian nature is inseparable from the idea of Russia, the nation and its fate. In the painting Pine Wood, the artist defines his main theme – a powerful, majestic Russian forest. The maître creates a theatrical scene, offering us some kind of show. His selection of the time of the day is also not fortuitous – noon is given as an image of Russia, full of dormant inner powers. The art critic V.V. Stasov called Shishkin’s paintings “landscapes for epic heroes.” At the same time the artist strives to achieve maximal accuracy in his “scientific” approach to figurative art. His friend, the artist I.N. Kramskoi remarked on this as follows: “The forest is out of the way and the stream is with its iron-rich, dark yellow water in which the whole bottom is visible, with its scattered stones…” They said of Shishkin: “He is a thoroughgoing realist, a realist to the marrow of his bones and he profoundly feels and hotly loves nature…”

* * *

Shishkin was born in Yelabuga of Vyatka Governorate (today Republic of Tatarstan), and graduated from the Kazan gymnasium. Then he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture for four years. After that, he attended the Saint Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts from 1856 to 1860, and graduated with the highest honours and a gold medal. He received the imperial scholarship for his further studies in Europe. Five years later Shishkin became a member of the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg and was professor of painting from 1873 to 1898. At the same time, Shishkin headed the landscape painting class at the Highest Art School in St. Petersburg.
For some time, Shishkin lived and worked in Switzerland and Germany on scholarship from the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts. On his return to Saint Petersburg, he became a member of the Circle of the Itinerants and of the Society of Russian Watercolorists. He also took part in exhibitions at the Academy of Arts, the All Russian Exhibition in Moscow (1882), the Nizhniy Novgorod (1896), and the World Fairs (Paris, 1867 and 1878, and Vienna, 1873). Shishkin's painting method was based on analytical studies of nature. He became famous for his forest landscapes, and was also an outstanding draftsman and a printmaker.
Ivan Shishkin owned a dacha in Vyra, south of St. Petersburg. There he painted some of his finest landscapes. His works are notable for poetic depiction of seasons in the woods, wild nature, animals and birds. He died in 1898, in St. Petersburg, Russia, while working on his new painting.
A minor planet 3558 Shishkin, discovered by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova in 1978 is named after him.


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